The EISS Conference features both ‘closed’ and ‘open’ panels. ‘Closed’ panels focus on themes decided by the EISS. Each panel includes four papers and the chair serves as discussant. ‘Open’ panels: participants propose a panel’s title, a chair, and four speakers. The chair serves as discussant. The ‘open panels’ are meant to broaden the range of existing themes in the EISS and to provide greater latitude to the participants to contribute to the definition of the EISS programme.